In August 1996, President
Clinton signed the federal Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) into law, which brought the greatest changes
to the federal welfare system since the government began giving cash
assistance to needy families some 65 years ago. The PRWORA replaced
the entitlement program Aid To Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
with the Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF) program. The federal
government now awards block grants to states and gives them wide latitude
in the use of the money. The federal law outlines basic program requirements,
such as work requirements for participants and a five-year total lifetime
limit on assistance. Within these basic rules, the states are free to
design and run programs as they see fit.
In response to the new federal
law, the Colorado General Assembly enacted Senate Bill 97-120, which
established the Colorado Works program to serve as Colorado's TANF program.
The legislation identified three major goals of Colorado Works: 1) to
assist participants in ending their dependence on government benefits
by promoting job preparation, work and marriage; 2) to develop strategies
that ensure participants are engaged in work activities; and 3) to provide
counties with increased responsibility for the design and administration
of the Colorado Works program. The creation of the Colorado Works program
and the State's devolution of authority to the counties has produced
some good results and unique problems.
By devolving authority to
the counties, the State of Colorado essentially created 63 different
Colorado Works programs, making it difficult to ensure that people in
every county receive the assistance and information they need as they
move toward self-sufficiency.
The Colorado Center on Law
and Policy has been a leader in securing access to justice for welfare
applicants and participants since welfare reform was first proposed
in Colorado in 1996. CCLP helped to shape the Colorado Works program
at the legislature and in regulatory proceedings and helped consumers
and advocates participate in those proceedings. CCLP now works in conjunction
with advocates, private industry and governmental agencies across the
state to monitor the implementation of Colorado Works and to address
problems encountered throughout the state.